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Wireless is the transfer of information between two or more points that do not use an electrical conductor as a means to effect the transfer. It covers many fixed, mobile, and movable applications, with two-way radios, mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and wireless networks. The most common wireless technologies use radio breakers. In radio waves, the predicted distances can be short, for example, a few meters for Bluetooth or up to millions of kilometers for radio communication in space. Other examples of wireless radio technology applications include GPS units, garage door openers, wireless computer mice, keyboards and headsets, headsets, radio receivers, satellite television, broadcast television, and cordless telephones. Slightly less common methods of establishing wireless communications include the use of other wireless electromagnetic technologies, such as light, electric or magnetic grounds, or the use of sound.

Therefore, term wireless has remained used twice in the past of communication with a slightly different meaning. It was initially used for the first radio transmission and reception technology from around 1890, for example, in wireless telegraphy, until it was replaced by the new word radio around 1920 in the 1960s. The term was revived in 1980 and 1990 primarily to distinguish digital devices that communicate wirelessly, such as the examples listed in the previous paragraph, from devices that require wires or cables. However, it became its primary use in the 2000s due to the advent of mobile broadband, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth.

Definition of wireless

The term wireless, which is synonymous with wireless in English, refers, as the name suggests, to anything that does not use cables. And also, In technology and computing, in particular, we speak of technology or device if it allows the transmission of information without wires.

The technology itself is based on sending information through the air using waves of a particular frequency. And while this may sound very new to you and wireless is all the rage today, it is already old technology. Therefore, And if you don’t think for a moment how many devices you have around you work with this type of technology: starting with the television itself, the radio, the garage remote control, the DVD and the TV remote control, telephone portable. , GPS

Types of wireless networks

Wireless networks can be classified according to two different criteria:

WPAN. Acronym for Wireless Personal Area Network has a maximum range of 10 meters, so it can be used by a maximum of one or two users who are together. And also, These types of technologies include Bluetooth, ZigBee, etc.

WIRELESS INTERNET ACCESS. And also, Acronym for Wireless Local Area Network is the communication standard on which WiFi technologies are based. Thanks to the repeaters, you can achieve a much greater range and connect different devices via radio waves.

WMAN. Acronym for Wireless Metropolitan Area Network, networks with a much greater range covering up to 20 kilometers.

WWAN. Acronym for Wireless Wide Area Network uses microwave and mobile phone technologies to transmit data over long distances. Therefore, Some of its types of technology are GPRS, EDGE, GSM, 3G, 4G, or 5G.

According to its frequency range. Depending on the part of the electromagnetic spectrum that you use for transmission, we can differentiate between:

Terrestrial microwave. And also, microwave signal with several kilometers at frequencies between 1 and 300 GHz is transmitted through satellite dishes with a diameter of about 3 meters.

Satellite microwave. And also, It works based on connecting two or more base stations through a satellite floating in the atmosphere. Each satellite has its specific frequency bands, but it has a much greater range and higher speed.

Infrared. And also, It uses non-coherent infrared light modulators that are directly aligned or reflected from a suitable surface to achieve a data transmission rate between 300 GHz and 384 THz. However, it cannot pass through walls.

Radio waves. And also, It uses waves of different frequencies (AM, FM, HF, VHF, UHF, etc.) physically far from the transmitter.

Advantages of wireless networks

Material savings. Since miles of wiring and floor controllers are not required for information exchange.

Therefore, More agile communication. Because an appliance can be connected to the network on the move or in remote locations.

Variety of connections. Multiple devices can connect the same radio signal at the same time.

Disadvantages of wireless networks

They require more security. Because the signal is uncontrollable and free, and anyone can catch it.

You are sensitive to interference. Either from other signals on the same transmission channel or continuous low-frequency noise, antennas, microwave ovens, or even certain types of metals.

The transfer is more complex since it requires additional mechanisms and equipment to direct the transmission and reception equipment with enough power to obtain a stable and continuous signal.

Devices on a wireless network

Compatible wireless devices. And also, To connect to a wireless network, you need a computer, phone, tablet, or device that has an antenna that can detect and send electromagnetic waves; However, Can receive and transmit radio frequency signals. And also, To do this, they must have a working wireless network card.

Therefore, Base stations. It is these modulators that convert the wired or traditional signal into a wireless signal that is transmitted by radio waves.

Repeater. The device is designed to capture and retransmit a specific electromagnetic wave signal to amplify it and allow it to travel further or to inaccessible places.

And also, Routers and access points. Routers are devices that “translate” the Internet signal and pass it to access points so that they can then distribute it to multiple users on a network. In addition, the former assigns an IP address to control and organize access to data packets and avoid loss and overlap.